| Text of the Promulgated Basic Law
(English & Chinese) |
Draft Version |
Draft Article(s) |
Commentary |
Article 136
On the basis of the previous educational system, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on the development and improvement of education, including policies regarding the educational system and its administration, the language of instruction, the allocation of funds, the examination system, the system of academic awards and the recognition of educational qualifications.
Community organizations and individuals may, in accordance with law, run educational undertakings of various kinds in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. |
第一百三十六條
香港特別行政區政府在原有教育制度的基礎上，自行制定有關教育的發展和改進的政策，包括教育體制和管理、教學語言、經費分配、考試制度、學位制度和承認學歷等政策。
社會團體和私人可依法在香港特別行政區興辦各種教育事業。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 1 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Articles 141,142
(Eng) Articles 141,142 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Articles 141,142 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Articles 143,144 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Articles 142.143
(Eng) Articles 142,143 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 135
(Eng) Article 135 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 136* |
|
Article 137
Educational institutions of all kinds may retain their autonomy and enjoy academic freedom. They may continue to recruit staff and use teaching materials from outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Schools run by religious organisations may continue to provide religious education, including courses in religion.
Students shall enjoy freedom of choice of educational institutions and freedom to pursue their education outside the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. |
第一百三十七條
各類院校均可保留其自主性並享有學術自由，可繼續從香港特別行政區以外招聘教職員和選用教材。宗教組織所辦的學校可繼續提供宗教教育，包括開設宗教課程。
學生享有選擇院校和在香港特別行政區以外求學的自由。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 1 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 143
(Eng) Article 143 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 143 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 145 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 144
(Eng) Article 144 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 136
(Eng) Article 136 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 137* |
|
Article 138
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies to develop Western and traditional Chinese medicine and to improve medical and health services. Community organizations and individuals may provide various medical and health services in accordance with law. |
第一百三十八條
香港特別行政區政府自行制定發展中西醫藥和促進醫療衛生服務的政策。社會團體和私人可依法提供各種醫療衛生服務。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 6 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 144
(Eng) Article 144 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 144 |
|
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 146 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 145
(Eng) Article 145 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 137
(Eng) Article 137 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 138* |
|
Article 139
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on science and technology and protect by law achievements in scientific and technological research, patents, discoveries and inventions.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, decide on the he scientific and technological standards and specifications applicable in Hong Kong. |
第一百三十九條
香港特別行政區政府自行制定科學技術政策，以法律保護科學技術的研究成果、專利和發明創造。
香港特別行政區政府自行確定適用於香港的各類科學、技術標準和規格。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 2 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 145
(Eng) Article 145 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 145 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 147 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 146
(Eng) Article 146 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 138
(Eng) Article 138 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 139* |
|
Article 140
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on culture and protect by law the achievements and the lawful rights and interests of authors in their literary and artistic creation. |
第一百四十條
香港特別行政區政府自行制定文化政策，以法律保護作者在文學藝術創作中所獲得的成果和合法權益。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 3 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 146
(Eng) Article 146 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 146 |
|
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 148 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 147
(Eng) Article 147 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 139
(Eng) Article 139 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 140* |
|
Article 141
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall not restrict the freedom of religious belief, interfere in the internal affairs of religious organizations or restrict religious activities which do not contravene the laws of the Region.
Religious organizations shall, in accordance with law, enjoy the rights to acquire, use, dispose of and inherit property and the right to receive financial assistance. Their previous property rights and interests shall be maintained and protected.
Religious organizations may, according to their previous practice, continue to run seminaries and other schools, hospitals and welfare institutions and to provide other social services.
Religious organizations and believers in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may maintain and develop their relations with religious organizations and believers elsewhere. |
第一百四十一條
香港特別行政區政府不限制宗教信仰自由，不干預宗教組織的內部事務，不限制與香港特別行政區法律沒有抵觸的宗教活動。
宗教組織依法享有財產的取得、使用、處置、繼承以及接受資助的權利。財產方面的原有權益仍予保持和保護。
宗教組織可按原有辦法繼續興辦宗教院校、其他學校、醫院和福利機構以及提供其他社會服務。
香港特別行政區的宗教組織和教徒可與其他地方的宗教組織和教徒保持和發展關係。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 4 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Articles 147,148
(Eng) Article 147,148 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Articles 147,148 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Articles 149,150 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Articles 148,149
(Eng) Articles 148,149 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 140
(Eng) Article 140 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 141* |
|
Article 142
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on the basis of maintaining the previous systems concerning the professions, formulate provisions on its own for assessing the qualifications for practice in the various professions.
Persons with professional qualifications or qualifications for professional practice obtained prior to the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may retain their previous qualifications in accordance with the relevant regulations and codes of practice.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall continue to recognize the professions and the professional organizations recognized prior to the establishment of the Region, and these organizations may, on their own, assess and confer professional qualifications.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, as required by developments in society and in consultation with the parties concerned, recognize new professions and professional organizations. |
第一百四十二條
香港特別行政區政府在保留原有的專業制度的基礎上，自行制定有關評審各種專業的執業資格的辦法。
在香港特別行政區成立前已取得專業和執業資格者，可依據有關規定和專業守則保留原有的資格。
香港特別行政區政府繼續承認在特別行政區成立前已承認的專業和專業團體，所承認的專業團體可自行審核和頒授專業資格。
香港特別行政區政府可根據社會發展需要並諮詢有關方面的意見，承認新的專業和專業團體。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 5 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 149
(Eng) Article 149 |
(Chi) Comments
(Eng) Comments |
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 149 |
(Eng) Comments
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 151 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 150
(Eng) Article 150 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 141
(Eng) Article 141 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 142* |
|
Article 143
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on sports. Non-governmental sports organizations may continue to exist and develop in accordance with law. |
第一百四十三條
香港特別行政區政府自行制定體育政策。民間體育團體可依法繼續存在和發展。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 3 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 150
(Eng) Article 150 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 150 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 152 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 151
(Eng) Article 151 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 142
(Eng) Article 142 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 143* |
|
Article 144
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall maintain the policy previously practised in Hong Kong in respect of subventions for non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, medicine and health, culture, art, recreation, sports, social welfare and social work. Staff members previously serving in subvented organizations in Hong Kong may remain in their employment in accordance with the previous system. |
第一百四十四條
香港特別行政區政府保持原在香港實行的對教育、醫療衛生、文化、藝術、康樂、體育、社會福利、社會工作等方面的民間團體機構的資助政策。原在香港各資助機構任職的人員均可根據原有制度繼續受聘。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 6 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 151
(Eng) Article 151 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 151 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 153 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 152
(Eng) Article 152 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 143
(Eng) Article 143 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 144* |
|
Article 145
On the basis of the previous social welfare system, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall, on its own, formulate policies on the development and improvement of this system in the light of the economic conditions and social needs. |
第一百四十五條
香港特別行政區政府在原有社會福利制度的基礎上，根據經濟條件和社會需要，自行制定其發展、改進的政策。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 6 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 152
(Eng) Article 152 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 152 |
|
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 154 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 153
(Eng) Article 153 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 144
(Eng) Article 144 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 145* |
|
Article 146
Voluntary organizations providing social services in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, on their own, decide their forms of service, provided that the law is not contravened. |
第一百四十六條
香港特別行政區從事社會服務的志願團體在不抵觸法律的情況下可自行決定其服務方式。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 6 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 153
(Eng) Article 153 |
(Chi) Comments
(Eng) Comments |
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 153 |
(Eng) Comments
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 155 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 154
(Eng) Article 154 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 145
(Eng) Article 145 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 146* |
|
Article 147
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall on its own formulate laws and policies relating to labour. |
第一百四十七條
香港特別行政區自行制定有關勞工的法律和政策。 |
1986 |
(Chi) Article 6 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 154
(Eng) Article 154 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 154 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 156 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 155
(Eng) Article 155 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 146
(Eng) Article 146 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 147* |
|
Article 148
The relationship between non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, science, technology, culture, art, sports, the professions, medicine and health, labour, social welfare and social work as well as religious organizations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and their counterparts on the mainland shall be based on the principles of non-subordination, non-interference and mutual respect. |
第一百四十八條
香港特別行政區的教育、科學、技術、文化、藝術、體育、專業、醫療衛生、勞工、社會福利、社會工作等方面的民間團體和宗教組織同內地相應的團體和組織的關係，應以互不隸屬、互不干涉和互相尊重的原則為基礎。 |
1986 |
|
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 155
(Eng) Article 155 |
|
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 155 |
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 157 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 156
(Eng) Article 156 |
|
| 1989-public |
(Chi) Article 147
(Eng) Article 147 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 148* |
|
Article 149
Non-governmental organizations in fields such as education, science, technology, culture, art, sports, the professions, medicine and health, labour, social welfare and social work as well as religious organizations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may maintain and develop relations with their counterparts in foreign countries and regions and with relevant international organizations. They may, as required, use the name "Hong Kong, China??in the relevant activities. |
第一百四十九條
香港特別行政區的教育、科學、技術、文化、藝術、體育、專業、醫療衛生、勞工、社會福利、社會工作等方面的民間團體和宗教組織可同世界各國、各地區及國際的有關團體和組織保持和發展關係，各該團體和組織可根據需要冠用“中國香港”的名義，參與有關活動。 |
1986 |
|
(Chi) Comments |
| 1987-ver1 |
(Chi) Article 156
(Eng) Article 156 |
(Chi) Comments
(Eng) Comments |
| 1987-ver2 |
(Eng) Article 156 |
(Eng) Comments
(Chi) Comments |
| 1988-pre-public |
(Chi) Article 158 |
|
| 1988-public |
(Chi) Article 157
(Eng) Article 157 |
|
| 1989-public |
Chi) Article 148
(Eng) Article 148 |
|
| 1990-NPC |
(Chi) Article 149* |
|
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